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Zwischen Māturīdīya und Ašʿarīya

Abū Šakūr as-Sālimi und sein Tamhīd fī bayān at-tauḥīd


The present work provides a new edition and substantial German commentary of the important theological Arabic work Al-Tamhīd fī bayān al-tauḥīd (“Introduction to the explanation of monotheism”) by the 5th/11th century scholar Abū Shakūr al-Sālimī. The work and its author belong to the theological school that succeeded Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī (died 333/944) and still serve as important markers of Sunnī theology into the nineteenth century.
Publisher: Gorgias Press LLC
SKU (ISBN): 978-1-4632-3941-1
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Publication Status: In Print
Publication Date: Feb 6,2019
Interior Color: Black
Trim Size: 7 x 10
Page Count: 515
Languages: German
ISBN: 978-1-4632-3941-1
$151.25
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The author of the Arabic theological work Al-Tamhīd fī bayān al-tauḥīd (“Introduction to the explanation of monotheism”), Abū Shakūr al-Sālimī (5th/11th Century), belongs to the theological school in the succession of Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī (died 333/944), which forms the second pillar of Sunni confession alongside the doctrines of Abū l-Ḥasan al-Ash'arī (died 324/935) and his followers. In Transoxanian regions, in Turkey, and in the Balkan States, the Māturīdī School still has scores of followers, and the Tamhīd served as an important marker of Sunnī theology into the nineteenth century. However, details of Māturīdite kalām remain insufficiently studied. This deficiency applies to the utilization of texts, partially not yet available in editions, as is the case concerning the Tamhīd. On the other hand, a huge need for research remains, particularly with regard to the relationship between Māturidism and Ash'arism. A particularity with regard to the contents of the Tamhīd is the fact that in this work al-Ash'arī and the al-Ash'arites are for the first time named in Māturīdī writings as Sunnī rivals. Regarding al-Māturīdī, he mainly argued with the exaggerated rationalism of the Mu'tazila. This early Islamic current concentrated on human reason, thus disregarding the Divine omnipotence despite its fundamental importance in Islamic theology. In contrast, al-Ash'ari stresses the role of revelation, so that human reason ultimately becomes irrelevant. Following the argumentation of the Māturidite theologians, this concept is not appropriate to refute the doctrines of the Mu'tazila. They demonstrate that it is rather necessary to account for both human reason and revelation, in order to develop a theological concept that copes with the almighty God and humankind with their rational cognitive faculty.
The author of the Arabic theological work Al-Tamhīd fī bayān al-tauḥīd (“Introduction to the explanation of monotheism”), Abū Shakūr al-Sālimī (5th/11th Century), belongs to the theological school in the succession of Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī (died 333/944), which forms the second pillar of Sunni confession alongside the doctrines of Abū l-Ḥasan al-Ash'arī (died 324/935) and his followers. In Transoxanian regions, in Turkey, and in the Balkan States, the Māturīdī School still has scores of followers, and the Tamhīd served as an important marker of Sunnī theology into the nineteenth century. However, details of Māturīdite kalām remain insufficiently studied. This deficiency applies to the utilization of texts, partially not yet available in editions, as is the case concerning the Tamhīd. On the other hand, a huge need for research remains, particularly with regard to the relationship between Māturidism and Ash'arism. A particularity with regard to the contents of the Tamhīd is the fact that in this work al-Ash'arī and the al-Ash'arites are for the first time named in Māturīdī writings as Sunnī rivals. Regarding al-Māturīdī, he mainly argued with the exaggerated rationalism of the Mu'tazila. This early Islamic current concentrated on human reason, thus disregarding the Divine omnipotence despite its fundamental importance in Islamic theology. In contrast, al-Ash'ari stresses the role of revelation, so that human reason ultimately becomes irrelevant. Following the argumentation of the Māturidite theologians, this concept is not appropriate to refute the doctrines of the Mu'tazila. They demonstrate that it is rather necessary to account for both human reason and revelation, in order to develop a theological concept that copes with the almighty God and humankind with their rational cognitive faculty.
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ContributorBiography

AngelikaBrodersen

Angelika Brodersen is a lecturer in the Department of Oriental and Islamic Studies (Seminar für Orientalistik und Islamwissenschaften), Ruhr-Universität Bochum. She is a specialist in Islamic theology (kalam), with a specific interest in Ḥanafī-Māturīdī Theology.

Inhaltsverzeichnis (v)
Einführung: Sunnitische Identitätssuche im Transoxanien des 5./11. Jahrhunderts (1) 
   Der Autor des Tamhīd fī bayān at-tauḥīd und sein Umfeld (3)
   Aufbau und Inhalt des Tamhīd fī bayān at-tauḥīd (11)
   Einleitung in die Erläuterung des Ein-Gott-Glaubens und Leitung für jeden Ratsuchenden und Verständigen (12)
   Kapitel 1. Der Verstand und die Verständigen (13)
   Kapitel 2. Was von den Sinnen und vom Verstand wahrgenommen werden kann (19)
   Kapitel 3. Der Nachweis des Schöpfers (25)
   Kapitel 4. Der Nachweis der Attribute (29)
   Kapitel 5. Die Namen Gottes (34)
   Kapitel 6. Der Nachweis der Offenbarung (an die Gesandten) (36)
   Kapitel 7. Erkenntnis und Glaube (44)
   Kapitel 8. Die Voraussetzungen des Glaubens (51)
   Kapitel 9. Die Religion und die religiösen Gesetze (58)
   Kapitel 10. Belastung und Vermögen (59)
   Kapitel 11. Kalifat und Imamat (62)
   Kapitel 12. Das Sunnitentum und die Widerlegung der Neuerer (66)
   Fallstudie I - Māturīdīya und Ašʿarīya: Die Rationalität des Menschen (80)
   Fallstudie II - Was ist der richtige Glaube? (85)
   Fallstudie III - Ist Gott ewig Schöpfer? (90)
   Zur handschriftlichen Überlieferung des Tamhīd fī bayān at-tauḥīd (94)
   Anmerkungen zur Edition (100)
   Literatur (103)

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