The eminent scholar Adolf Harnack demonstrates that the commentary on the Gospels which survives under the name of the late 2nd-century bishop Theophilus of Antioch cannot be his, but is most likely a derivative work from 6th-century Gaul (and that the manuscript discovery of a full text in Brussels does not change the situation). A classic demolition of an unfounded traditional ascription, relying on both internal and external evidence, to be shelved with Richard Bentley and Lorenzo Valla.