The Latin author Jerome is credited with one of the most important and influential translation projects in the history of Western Christianity—the Vulgate translation of the Bible. Moreover, it is well known that Jerome made multiple attempts at translating parts of Scripture, such as the psalms. The text of one of his translations was an attempt to translate the Psalms not from the Septuagint, but from a Hebrew text. This translation is generally known as the Psalterium iuxta Hebraeos. While this translation was not included as the text of the Psalms in the Vulgate, the text has survived in various manuscripts. In the present essay, Arthur Allgeier compares various features of this translation with later medieval translations in an attempt to survey how various Latin writers translated Hebrew. Allgeier argues that Jerome often translated one of the Greek versions rather than the Hebrew text and that there is some evidence that later Latin translations actually translate the original Hebrew.