One of the interesting traits of Catholic missions in the Ottoman Empire compared to those elsewhere in the world, is that they primarily targeted local Christians. This book thematizes the general role played by Catholic missionaries in Anatolia from the second half of the 19th century. At the same time, author Christiane Babot offers an in-depth study of a mission by Augustinians of the Assumption, a congregation of Catholic religious founded in France in 1845. The first part of the book gives an overview of the characteristics of the Christian missions in the Ottoman Empire, from their beginning in the 14th century and until the third missionary wave of the 19th century. In the second part, Babot concentrates on a mission by Augustinians of the Assumption in Eskisehir in northwestern Turkey which lasted from 1891 to 1924. In addition to contributing to the existing literature on the broader role of missionary work in the Ottoman Empire, this book provides us with valuable knowledge about a congregation that has not been given much attention.