Studying the Near and Middle East at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, 1935–2018

The history of Near and Middle Eastern Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study dates back to 1935, and it is the one area of scholarship that has been continuously represented at the Institute ever since. The volume opens with a historical sketch of the study of the Near and Middle East at the Institute. The second part of the volume consists of essays and short studies by IAS scholars, past and present, covering fields such as the ancient Near East and early Islamic history, the Bible and the Qurʾān, Islamic intellectual history within and beyond denominational history, Arabic and other Semitic languages and literatures, Islamic religious and legal practices, law and society, the Islamic West, the Ottoman world, Iranian studies, the modern Middle East, and Islam in the West.

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Publisher: Gorgias Press LLC

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SKU (ISBN): 978-1-4632-0750-2

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Publication Status: In Print

Series: Gorgias Handbooks40

Publication Date: Apr 27,2018

Interior Color: Black

Trim Size: 7 x 10

Page Count: 680

Languages: English

ISBN: 978-1-4632-0750-2

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The history of Near and Middle Eastern Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study dates back to 1935, and it is the one area of scholarship that has been continuously represented at the Institute ever since, encompassing all four schools—Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Historical Studies, and Social Science. The volume opens with a historical sketch of the study of the Near and Middle East at the Institute, discussing luminaries such as Ernst Herzfeld, Henri Seyrig, Ernst Kantorowicz, Otto Neugebauer, Marshall Clagett, Clifford Geertz, Bernard Lewis, Glen Bowersock, Oleg Grabar, and Patricia Crone and their respective impact on the field. The second part of the volume, “Fruits of Scholarship,” consists of essays and short studies by IAS scholars, past and present—faculty, members, and visitors; mathematicians, social scientists, and historians—who are engaged in one way or another with the Near and Middle East in their scholarship. Their contributions cover fields such as the ancient Near East and early Islamic history, the Bible and the Qurʾān, Islamic intellectual history within and beyond denominational history, Arabic and other Semitic languages and literatures, Islamic religious and legal practices, law and society, the Islamic West, the Ottoman world, Iranian studies, the modern Middle East, and Islam in the West.

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The history of Near and Middle Eastern Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study dates back to 1935, and it is the one area of scholarship that has been continuously represented at the Institute ever since, encompassing all four schools—Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Historical Studies, and Social Science. The volume opens with a historical sketch of the study of the Near and Middle East at the Institute, discussing luminaries such as Ernst Herzfeld, Henri Seyrig, Ernst Kantorowicz, Otto Neugebauer, Marshall Clagett, Clifford Geertz, Bernard Lewis, Glen Bowersock, Oleg Grabar, and Patricia Crone and their respective impact on the field. The second part of the volume, “Fruits of Scholarship,” consists of essays and short studies by IAS scholars, past and present—faculty, members, and visitors; mathematicians, social scientists, and historians—who are engaged in one way or another with the Near and Middle East in their scholarship. Their contributions cover fields such as the ancient Near East and early Islamic history, the Bible and the Qurʾān, Islamic intellectual history within and beyond denominational history, Arabic and other Semitic languages and literatures, Islamic religious and legal practices, law and society, the Islamic West, the Ottoman world, Iranian studies, the modern Middle East, and Islam in the West.

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	Contributor	Biography
	SabineSchmidtke	Sabine Schmidtke is Professor of Islamic Intellectual History at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. She has published extensively on Islamic and Jewish intellectual history, as well as the Muslim reception of the Bible and its early translation history into Arabic. Her works include Theologie, Philosophie und Mystik im zwölferschiitischen Islam des 9./15. Jahrhunderts: Die Gedankenwelten des Ibn Abī Ǧumhūr al-Aḥsāʾī (um 838/1434-35–nach 906/1501) (Brill, 2000), The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology (OUP, 2016), and, together with Hassan Ansari, Studies in Medieval Islamic Intellectual Traditions (Lockwood Press, 2017). She is also the executive editor of Intellectual History of the Islamicate World (Brill) and, with Hassan Ansari, of Shii Studies Review (Brill).

List of Figures xi
List of Contributors xv
Near and Middle Eastern Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study: A Historical Sketch xxxi
SABINE SCHMIDTKE

IAS Scholars in Near and Middle Eastern Studies, Past and Present: A Directory xcix

FRUITS OF SCHOLARSHIP

The Ancient Near East and Early Islamic History

“There we sat down”: Mapping Settlement Patterns in Sasanian Babylonia 3
GEOFFREY HERMAN

The Near Eastern Heritage in Greco-Roman Astronomy 11
FRANCESCA ROCHBERG

Arabia before Islam 21
DAVID F. GRAF

The Rise and Fall of a Jewish Kingdom in Arabia 33
G. W. BOWERSOCK

Entanglements of Classics and Orientalism in the History of Philology, and of Princeton University, circa 1900 35
HENNING TRÜPER

For a Different History of the Seventh Century CE: Syriac Sources and Sasanian and Arab-Muslim Occupation of the Middle East 45
MURIEL DEBIE

Trade and Geography in the Origins and Spread of Islam 48
STELIOS MICHALOPOULOS

New Insights into the Continuation of Ancient Science among the Arabs 66
CARLO SCARDINO

The Empire Strikes Back: The Restoration of Caliphal Political Power in the Medieval Islamic World 73
D. G. TOR

The Bible and the Qurʾān

Who Wrote the Torah? Textual, Historical, Sociological, and Ideological Cornerstones of the Formation of the Pentateuch 81
KONRAD SCHMID

Is a Qibla a Qibla? Samaritan Traditions about Mount Garizim in Contact and Contention 95
STEFAN SCHORCH

Muslim Perceptions and Receptions of the Bible 101
SABINE SCHMIDTKE

Editing the Qurʾān in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Europe 115
ROBERTO TOTTOLI

The Concept of Time in the Qurʾān 118
GEORGES TAMER

The Voice of God 125
G. W. BOWERSOCK

Islamic Intellectual History Within and Beyond Denominational Borders

Visualization and Material Cultures of the Heavens in Eurasia and North Africa 134
SONJA BRENTJES

Rethinking the Canons of Islamic Intellectual History 154
KHALED EL-ROUAYHEB

The People of Justice and Monotheism: Muʿtazilism in Islam and Judaism 164
SABINE SCHMIDTKE

The Necessity of a Historical Approach to Islamic Theology: Tracing Modern Islamic Thought to the Middle Ages 170
KELLY DEVINE THOMAS

Abraham and Aristotle in Dialogue 173
GARTH FOWDEN

What Makes an Orator Trustworthy? Some Notes on the Transmission of Aristotle’s Rhetoric in the Arabic World and Its Interpretation by al-Fārābī 181
FRÉDÉRIQUE WOERTHER

Aristotle and Avicenna on the Habitability of the Southern Hemisphere 188
FRANÇOIS DE BLOIS

Physical Theory and Medical Practice in the Post-Avicenna Era: Yaʿqūb b. Isḥāq al-Isrāʾīlī on Properties (Exploratory Notes) 194
EMMA GANNAGÉ

Was Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī an Averroist after All? On the Double-Truth Theory in Medieval Latin and Islamic Thought 205
FRANK GRIFFEL

The Challenges of Druze Studies 217
SAMER TRABOULSI

Arabic and other Semitic Languages and Literatures

Chasing after a Trickster: The Maqāmāt between Philology and World Literature 228
MAURICE A. POMERANTZ

Employment Opportunities in Literature in Tenth-Century Islamic Courts 243
BILAL ORFALI

“A Glimpse of the Mystery of Mysteries”: Ibn Ṭufayl on Learning and Spirituality without Prophets and Scriptures 251
SEBASTIAN GÜNTHER

Aramaic and Endangered Languages 262
GEOFFREY A. KHAN

Dots in the Writing Systems of the Middle East 265
GEORGE A. KIRAZ

Unlocking Middle Eastern Names 276
WILL HANLEY

Islamic Religious and Legal Practices, Law and Society

Jurists on Literature and Men of Letters on Law: The Interfaces of Islamic Law and Medieval Arabic Literature 285
ZOLTAN SZOMBATHY

Law, Ethics, and the Problem of Domestic Labor in the Islamic Marriage Contract 294
MARION KATZ

The Shiʿite Interpretation of the Status of Women 300
HASSAN ANSARI

Islamic Law and Private International Law: The Case of International Child Abduction 304
ANVER M. EMON

A Renaissance Interrupted? Debating Personhood through a Sexual Act in the Twelfth-Century Christianate and Islamicate Worlds 308
VANJA HAMZIĆ

Say Something Nice: Supplications on Medieval Objects, and Why They Matter 322
MARGARET S. GRAVES

Ten Theses on Working with Demons (Jinn) in Islamic Studies 331
BIRGIT KRAWIETZ

The Invisibility of Paternal Filiation: The Power of Institutions versus Scientific Proof in Roman and Muslim Law 337
BABER JOHANSEN

Joseph Schacht and German Orientalism in the 1920s and 1930s 344
RAINER BRUNNER

The Islamic West and Beyond

The Other Edge: The Maghrib in the Mashriq 353
MARIBEL FIERRO

Identifying “the Mufti of Oran”: A Detective Story 359
DEVIN J. STEWART

Castilian and Arabic: The Debates about the Natural Languages of Spain 363
MERCEDES GARCÍA-ARENAL

Peace and Quiet in Castile: Baptized Muslims, Feudal Lords, and the Royal Expulsion 371
PATRICK J. O’BANION

The Hermeneutics of Islamic Ornament: The Example of the Alhambra 375
VALERIE GONZALEZ

The Ottoman World and Beyond

Edirne/Adrianople: The Best City in Greece 390
AMY SINGER

The Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Imperial Harem 399
JANE HATHAWAY

Persian Aesthetics in Ottoman Albums 402
EMINE FETVACI

Syphilis as Measure of Civilization and Progress? Ottoman-Turkish Responses to European Medical Discourses on the General Paresis of the Insane 413
YÜCEL YANIKDAĞ

The Construction of Ethnicity in Medieval Turkic Eurasia 420
PETER B. GOLDEN

Tamerlane’s (Fictitious) Pilgrimage to the Tombs of the Prophets 429
RON SELA

Building a Family Shrine in Ottoman Cairo 436
ADAM SABRA

Iranian and Persianate Studies

The Shaping of the Holy Self: Art and Religious Life in Manichaeism 443
ANDREA PIRAS

Patricia Crone’s Contribution to Iranian Studies 450
HASSAN ANSARI

Lord of the Planetary Court: Revisiting a “Nativist Prophet” of Early Modern Iran 455
DANIEL J. SHEFFIELD

Nādir Shāh in Iranian Historiography: Warlord or National Hero? 467
RUDI MATTHEE

The Birth of Newspaper Culture in Nineteenth-Century Iran 475
NEGIN NABAVI

A Brief History of Judeo-Persian Literature 479
VERA B. MOREEN

The Modern Middle East and Islam in the West

Liberal Democratic Legacies in Modern Egypt: The Role of the Intellectuals, 1900–1950 485
ISRAEL GERSHONI

ISIS and al-Qaeda—What Are They Thinking? Understanding the Adversary 495
BERNARD HAYKEL

Jihadi Weeping 505
THOMAS HEGGHAMMER

For Love of the Prophet: A Reply 515
NOAH SALOMON

Living in a Humanitarian World: Palestinian Refugees and the Challenge of Long-Term Displacement 522
ILANA FELDMAN

The Multiple Figures of the Witness in Palestine 528
DIDIER FASSIN

Hagar: Jewish-Arab Education for Equality, Creating a Common Future in Israel 543
CATHERINE ROTTENBERG

La Nouvelle Laïcité and Its Critics: Preface to the French Translation of The Politics of the Veil 546
JOAN WALLACH SCOTT

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