This volume publishes the papers presented at the round table on Syriac lexicology and lexicography held at the 13th Symposium Syriacum (Paris, 2022). An international group of scholars approaches this field from several new angles and shows how much remains to be done, from the creation of new lexical databases to the update of previously existing ones and the study of new lexica that have been recently discovered.

Section one: Syriac Lexicology and Lexicography. Daniel King discusses aspects of the philosophical lexis found in Jacob of Edessa’s Handbook of Logic. Anna Cherkashina, Yulia Kirilenko, Artyom Badeev and George Kiraz present a new historical dictionary of Syriac, currently in preparation.

Section two: Syriac and foreign lexis. Claudia Ciancaglini updates her 2008 study on the contacts between Iranian languages and Syriac. Mara Nicosia discusses the creation of a trilingual dictionary (Syriac, Greek and Arabic) of the technical vocabulary of rhetoric. Margherita Farina studies for the first time the multilingual glosses compiled by the fourteenth-century author Daniel the Annotator.

Section three: Syriac and Neo-Aramaic. Hezy Mutzafi offers an in-depth study of two lexical items from the Syriac Book of Medicine, explained with the aid of cognates in NENA dialects. Nicolas Atas investigates for the first time a Syriac-Ṭuroyo glossary written by the Chorepiscopus Aḥo of Sedari (1908–1980).

The multifocal approach adopted by the contributions to this volume testifies to the richness of this field, which offers several avenues for further inquiry. The volume is designed for scholars in Syriac, as well as for those interested in the contacts between Syriac and its neighbouring languages from the past and the present, such as Greek, Arabic, Iranian languages and Neo-Aramaic varieties.