In this volume, Heath Lowry studies how the largely Christian and Greek-speaking Pontus region centred on the city of Trabzon became overwhelmingly Muslim and Turkish-speaking in a short period of time. The process of conversion has not been well studied due to a lack of sources, but the relatively late date of the conquest of Trabzon (1461) means that Ottoman records for the city (including correspondence, court records, tax registers and charters for religious endowments) are available. Using these, Lowry is able to trace how the city became a largely Muslim Turkish one. Lowry approaches the problem by studying the state of Trabzon at various points in time – 1461, 1486, 1523, 1553 and 1583 – and comparing how the city had changed during each interval. While concentrating on Trabzon, Lowry’s study undoubtedly also sheds light on the greater process which also occurred in Anatolia as a whole but for which much fewer records remain.